ABSTRACT Worldwide drug use is a real problem. The magnitude of drug use and the associated damage keep increasing. In Chile, among young people, the most consumed drugs are alcohol and marijuana. This article describes the relationship between the perceived norm for marijuana use among peers and the uses reported by students. Objective: To evaluate the perceived norm in the use of marijuana among peers in the Education and Nurs ing Schools in a public and regional university. Method: This is a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study. The participant sample of the study were 166 students in second and fourth year studying Education and Nursing at a public university. Results: Most participants were, women (81%), nursing students (76%) and single (75%). It is important to highlight the high percentages observed in the frequencies some time in my life, during the last year and last month (52, 54.8 and 25.5% respectively). There is an overestimation of the use of marijuana among peers for the frequencies last year (57% compared to a 54.8 %), and last month (80% compared to a 25%), the education students showed a greater perception of drug use than the nursing students (96% compared to 78%), with significant statistical differences. Conclusion: According to the Theory of Social Norms overestimation is a risk factor. It is important to inform the university community about the actual number of peers who use drugs in order to reduce wrong perceptions and risk of consumption.

RESUMEN A nivel mundial el uso de drogas es un problema, la magnitud del consumo y el daño asociado siguen en au mento. En Chile el mayor consumo en los jóvenes se registra en alcohol y marihuana. De acuerdo a la Teoría de Normas Sociales, la influencia de los pares junto a la sobrestimación del consumo de drogas son factores de riesgo relevantes. Objetivo: Evaluar la norma percibida del consumo de marihuana en los pares en estudiantes de las carreras de Enfermería y Educación de una universidad pública de una región del norte de Chile. Mate rial y método: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal. La población participante del estudio fueron 166 estudiantes de segundo a cuarto año de las carreras de Educación y Enfermería de una universidad pública. Resultados: La mayoría de los participantes fueron mujeres (81%), estudiantes de Enfermería (76%) y solteros (75%). Destaca el alto consumo de marihuana tanto para las frecuencias alguna vez en la vida, último año como último mes (52, 54,8 y 25,5% respectivamente). Los estudiantes muestran sobrestimación del con sumo de marihuana en sus pares para la frecuencia de consumo último año (57% comparado con 54,8%), y último mes (80% comparado con 25,5%), los estudiantes de Educación muestran percepción de consumo ma yor a los de Enfermería (96% comparado con 78%) con diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Conclusión: Los estudiantes muestran sobrestimación del consumo de marihuana en sus pares para frecuencia de consumo último año. Según la Teoría de las Normas Sociales, la sobrestimación es un factor de riesgo. Es necesario im plementar en las universidades proyectos de información masiva respecto a las cifras de consumo real de drogas que presentan los pares, lo que ha mostrado resultados exitosos para disminuir la percepción errada y el riesgo de consumo.

Background: Severe depression and hypertension are two common conditions in the Chilean population. There is a possibility that the coexistence ofthese diseases is not a coincidence and that hypertension can be pathogenically related to depression. Aim: To assess the frequency of depression among hypertensive subjects consulting in a primary care clinic. Patients and methods: Beck depression inventory a sociodemographic survey and a risk scale for depression elaborated by the Chilean Ministry ofHealth were applied to 442 hypertensive patients consulting in a public primary care clinic. Results: According to Beck depression inventory score, 53%, 33% and 14% of subjects had a mild, modérate or severe depression, respectively. Most individuáis were housewives with incomplete primary education. There was a significant association between depression scores, family Apgar score, mood perception, family violence, alcohol consumption and smoking. Conclusions: There is a high frequency of depression among adults with hypertension consulting in a public primary care clinic.

Descreve-se, aqui, a relação entre norma percebida de consumo de maconha entre os pares e consumo reportado em alunos de uma universidade chilena. Este é um estudo quantitativo, multicêntrico, transversal. Participaram 449 estudantes, com livre consentimento. As informações foram coletadas mediante questionário autoaplicado e analisadas através do programa SPSS 15.0. RESULTADOS: a maioria são mulheres, solteiras, entre 20 e 21 anos, estudantes de enfermagem e educação. A norma percebida é maior do que nos estudos nacionais (32,1% vs 21%) e maior do que o consumo autorreportado (32,1% vs 5,6%). Observa-se maior consumo nas mulheres, e dos cursos de educação e de enfermagem. Confirma-se a feminização do consumo, o qual se inicia na universidade, por uso recreativo, e haver maior tolerância ao consumo entre os pares. Observa-se, também, maior estimação do consumo de maconha o que, de acordo a Teoria das Normas Sociais e de Normalização, tem influência no aumento do consumo. Esta pesquisa constitui-se em contribuição às políticas do país e da universidade.

This article describes the relationship between the perceived norm for marijuana use among peers and the use reported by university students in Chile. This is a qualitative, multicenter, cross-sectional study. A total 449 students participated with free consent. Data collection was performed using a self-administered questionnaire, and SPSS 15.0 was used for data analysis. RESULTS: most participants were women, single, between 20 and 21 years of age, students of nursing and education. The perceived norm is higher than reports from national studies (32.1% against 21%) and higher than the self-reported use (32.1% against 5.6%). Marijuana use is higher among women, in nursing and education courses. It was confirmed that marijuana use among women begins at the university; as it was used as a recreational drug and there was more tolerance among peers. It was observed that marijuana use was overestimated, which, according to the Theory of Social Norms and Normalization, has an effect on the increase of drug use. This study is a contribution for the country's and the university's policies.

En este estudio se describe la relación entre la norma percibida del consumo de marihuana en los pares y el consumo real informado por alumnos de una universidad chilena. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, multicéntrico y transversal. Participaron 449 estudiantes previa firma del consentimiento informado. La información se recolectó con un cuestionario autoaplicado y se analizó con el programa SPSS 15.0. Fue encontrado que la mayoría son mujeres solteras, entre 20 y 21 años de edad, estudiantes de enfermería y educación. La norma percibida fue mayor que la de estudios nacionales (32,1% versus 21%); también el consumo autoinformado fue mayor que el nacional (32,1% versus 5,6%). Se observa un mayor consumo entre las mujeres, en educación y enfermería. Se confirma la feminización del consumo; el inicio del consumo en la universidad, el uso recreativo y la mayor tolerancia al consumo en los pares. Existe una sobreestimación del consumo de marihuana, lo que de acuerdo a la Teoría de las Normas Sociales y de Normalización influye en el aumento del consumo. Esta investigación constituye un aporte a las políticas de la salud del país y de la universidad.

This article describes the relationship between the perceived norm for marijuana use among peers and the use reported by university students in Chile. This is a qualitative, multicenter, cross-sectional study. A total 449 students participated with free consent. Data collection was performed using a self-administered questionnaire, and SPSS 15.0 was used for data analysis. RESULTS: most participants were women, single, between 20 and 21 years of age, students of nursing and education. The perceived norm is higher than reports from national studies (32.1% against 21%) and higher than the self-reported use (32.1% against 5.6%). Marijuana use is higher among women, in nursing and education courses. It was confirmed that marijuana use among women begins at the university; as it was used as a recreational drug and there was more tolerance among peers. It was observed that marijuana use was overestimated, which, according to the Theory of Social Norms and Normalization, has an effect on the increase of drug use. This study is a contribution for the country's and the university's policies.

En este estudio se describe la relación entre la norma percibida del consumo de marihuana en los pares y el consumo real informado por alumnos de una universidad chilena. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, multicéntrico y transversal. Participaron 449 estudiantes previa firma del consentimiento informado. La información se recolectó con un cuestionario autoaplicado y se analizó con el programa SPSS 15.0. Fue encontrado que la mayoría son mujeres solteras, entre 20 y 21 años de edad, estudiantes de enfermería y educación. La norma percibida fue mayor que la de estudios nacionales (32,1% versus 21%); también el consumo autoinformado fue mayor que el nacional (32,1% versus 5,6%). Se observa un mayor consumo entre las mujeres, en educación y enfermería. Se confirma la feminización del consumo; el inicio del consumo en la universidad, el uso recreativo y la mayor tolerancia al consumo en los pares. Existe una sobreestimación del consumo de marihuana, lo que de acuerdo a la Teoría de las Normas Sociales y de Normalización influye en el aumento del consumo. Esta investigación constituye un aporte a las políticas de la salud del país y de la universidad.

Descreve-se, aqui, a relação entre norma percebida de consumo de maconha entre os pares e consumo reportado em alunos de uma universidade chilena. Este é um estudo quantitativo, multicêntrico, transversal. Participaram 449 estudantes, com livre consentimento. As informações foram coletadas mediante questionário autoaplicado e analisadas através do programa SPSS 15.0. RESULTADOS: a maioria são mulheres, solteiras, entre 20 e 21 anos, estudantes de enfermagem e educação. A norma percebida é maior do que nos estudos nacionais (32,1% vs 21%) e maior do que o consumo autorreportado (32,1% vs 5,6%). Observa-se maior consumo nas mulheres, e dos cursos de educação e de enfermagem. Confirma-se a feminização do consumo, o qual se inicia na universidade, por uso recreativo, e haver maior tolerância ao consumo entre os pares. Observa-se, também, maior estimação do consumo de maconha o que, de acordo a Teoria das Normas Sociais e de Normalização, tem influência no aumento do consumo. Esta pesquisa constitui-se em contribuição às políticas do país e da universidade.